BMU
Model Group Management Module
CORE TECHNOLOGIES
BMS and battery safety
Layered BMS architecture, monitoring, protection, and coordinated safety actions.
TIANCHU BMS & Battery Safety
From real-time sensing to active protection,
Build a secure closed-loop battery system
Based on a layered BMS architecture, continuously sense battery voltage, temperature, current, insulation, pressure, access control, and fire status; through state estimation, fault judgment, staged power limiting, and active isolation, make every risk identifiable, controllable, and recordable.
Multi-dimensional sensing · module / pack / rack / system level
Layered BMS architecture · BMU / BCU / System BMS
Risk closed loop · sense → judge → power-limit → isolate → record
Safe
Full coverage Complete monitoring
Reliab
More reliable Redundant architecture
Accur
More efficient Accurate estimation
Loop
End-to-end closed loop Coordinated protection
SOC 58%
SOH 95%
SOP 51%
Temperature 31.4°C
BCU
Battery cluster control unit
10,000+ Real time sampling spot
100 ms Data Refresh Cycle
<100 ms Protect Response Time
By contract Availability target
Multi-dimensional sensing: from cells to the environment
Temp
Cell voltage / temperature Cell status
Press.
Pressure / swelling / gas Thermal-runaway precursors
Insul
Insulation / harness / leakage High-voltage safety
Access
Access control / smoke / immersion Environmental status
Env
Ambient temperature & humidity / fans Operating environment
Fire
Fire / audible-visual / alarm Interlock feedback
Accurate estimation: see the true state
SOC Estimate Curve
SOH Trends in degradation
Temperature distribution trends
Power capability envelope
Active balance effect
Event closed loop: full path from detection to record
Found
The temperature is abnormally high.
Core deviations expanded. TMAX 31.4 → 46.2°C
Core deviations expanded. TMAX 31.4 → 46.2°C
Judgement
Risk assessment
Model recognition High risk
Model recognition High risk
Power limit
Lower charge power
Control the temperature. Power limit 60%
Control the temperature. Power limit 60%
segregated
Fault-cluster isolation
Interrupting risk transmission Isolation complete
Interrupting risk transmission Isolation complete
Security Status
Get into safe operation.
The rest of you keep working. System security
The rest of you keep working. System security
Records
Event Full Retention
Support audit Complete evidence
Support audit Complete evidence
Protector status machine: hierarchy strategy, active protection
L0 &Normal
The system is working.
The system is working.
L1 WARNING
The trend is abnormal.
The trend is abnormal.
L2 Alarm
Power limit running
Power limit running
L3 Fault
Fault-cluster isolation
Fault-cluster isolation
L4 Emergency
System level down.
System level down.
L0 &Normal
Normal
L1 WARNING
Risk rises
L2 Alarm
Power limit running
L3 Fault
Cluster isolation
L4 Emergency
System down.
Four-story security line: layer defensive, ring-to-ring.
Sys
System LayerSystem System lock, fire protection, high pressure down.
Clust
Batteries BCU High pressure protection, insulation monitoring, isolation strategy.
Mod
Module BMU Sampling monitoring, balanced management, temperature monitoring.
Cell
CELL Pressure temperature. Status recognition. Basic security.
Threshold and risk matrix
| Indicators | Units | &Normal | Early warning L1 | Alert, L2. | Malfunction L3 | Emergency L4 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Single voltage | V | 2.80–3.60 | <2.70 / >3.65 | <2.60 / >3.70 | <2.40 / >3.80 | <2.20 / >3.90 |
| Temperature | °C | ≤45 | >45 | >55 | >65 | >75 |
| Temperature change rate | °C/min | ≤1 | >1 | >2 | >3 | >5 |
| Pressure variance | kPa | ≤15 | >15 | >25 | >40 | >60 |
| Insulation. | MΩ | ≥10 | 5–10 | 1–5 | 0.5–1 | <0.5 |
Thermal management closed loops: visible, mobilized, controlled
Temp Temperature collection
Core / Model
Trends Trends judgement
Temperature / T
Stream Flow calculations
Pump / Valve Reconciliation
Complex Enforcement controls
Liquid cooling / fans
System coordination: interlocking with PCS, EMS, thermal management, and fire protection
BMS layered architecture
PCS
Power control
Charge execution
EMS
Dispatch down.
Energy Management
Thermal management
Liquid-cooling pump/valve
Fan control
FIRE FIGHTING SYSTEM
Smoke gas.
Fire suppression.
Cloud Platform
Transport surveillance
Event management
A complete anomaly: full record of the evidence chain Example:
| Status | Time | Module Node | Event Type | Synchronising folder | Key findings |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| &Normal | 14:35:12.123 | BMU-3-07 | Temperature monitoring | Tmax 46.2°C → 47.1°C | Trends are rising |
| WARNING | 14:35:12.256 | BCU-Rack-3 | Risk assessment | Temperature change above L1 threshold | L1 Early warning establishment |
| Alarm | 14:35:12.742 | System BMS | Power limit | Charge power down to 60%. | Policy down. |
| Alarm | 14:35:12.812 | BCU-Rack-3 | Isolation. | Disconnected. | Isolation complete |
| Fault | 14:35:13.204 | System BMS | Steady. | System into safe mode | Run steady |
| Information | 14:35:30.000 | Cloud | Event Archive | Organisation | Record success |
Validation of closed loops: use of data and test school nuclear safety design
Fault injection test.
Overpressure / Unpressure Pass.
Over/ Untemperature Pass.
Insulation failure. Pass.
Communications failure Pass.
HIL Semi-physical Simulation
Number of scenes Multiple scenery
Policy validation Pass.
Interlock authentication Pass.
Coverage By Certification Scheme
The whole cabinet.
Number of combinations 8 Containers
Load Work Status 300+
Connect Pass.
Run-time 500h+
Third-party testing
Functional Safety Satisfied
Insulation. Satisfied
Environmental reliability Satisfied
Authentication / security protocol Full
Validation: Security results measurable, deliverable, auditable
Version Policy packages and parameters
Version Management/ Parameters Traceable
Paul. Protection Configuration List
Threshold / Chain / Protection Logic
Yes. Incident evidence kit
Raw data/ log/ curve
Measure Test report
Verify scene / coverage / Conclusion
Safe Safety operating template
Checklist / Risk / Disposal
Far Remote Operations & Maintenance
Upgrade / Diagnosis / Technical Support